Can you play chords in modes?
Both Ionian and Lydian modes contain these notes; therefore either mode can be used. Minor chords follow the formula 1-b3-5-b7. Dorian, phrygian, and aeolian all contain that formula, therefore any one of them can be played.
Which modes over which chords?
Modes are made for soloing over chords. Each mode is able to play over a specific set of chords. If the chord is dominant, like a G7 or G9, you'd want to play the Mixolydian mode. If it is a minor chord, you can play the dorian, phrygian, or aeolian mode.
Do modes change chords?
As stated above, modes usually do not apply to full chord progressions. This is not always the case, but it is the easiest way to understand and apply modes in their correct manner. Each chord within the key has it's own associated mode: I chord (D) – Major Key (aka.